American Eskimo

Characteristics
The American Eskimo Dog, a loving companion dog, presents a picture of strength and agility, alertness and beauty. It is a small to medium-size Nordic type dog, always white, or white with biscuit cream. The American Eskimo Dog is compactly built and well balanced, with good substance, and an alert, smooth gait. The face is Nordic type with erect triangular shaped ears, and distinctive black points (lips, nose, and eye rims). The white double coat consists of a short, dense undercoat, with a longer guard hair growing through it forming the outer coat, which is straight with no curl or wave. The coat is thicker and longer around the neck and chest forming a lion-like ruff, which is more noticeable on dogs than on bitches. The rump and hind legs down to the hocks are also covered with thicker, longer hair forming the characteristic breeches. The richly plumed tail is carried loosely on the back.

Owning
The American Eskimo Dog has a thick, double, standoff coat with no curl or wave. Dogs generally have more coat than bitches, especially along the ruff around the neck. True Eskie temperament is described in the breed standard as loving, intelligent, alert, friendly and slightly conservative.

Did You Know
Date entered into Regular Classes: July 1, 1995 The American Eskimo Dog was a favorite among circus performers in the early 20th century. The American Eskimo Dog was accepted for registration by the American Kennel Club in 1994. Contrary to popular belief, the American Eskimo Dog is not descended from working sled dogs.

Harrier

General Appearance
Developed in England to hunt hare in packs, Harriers must have all the attributes of a scenting pack hound. They are very sturdily built with large bone for their size. They must be active, well balanced, full of strength and quality, in all ways appearing able to work tirelessly, no matter the terrain, for long periods. Running gear and scenting ability are particularly important features. The Harrier should, in fact, be a smaller version of the English Foxhound.

Owning
The Harrier is an outgoing and friendly dog who gets along well with people and other dogs. The Harrier's coat is short, dense, and glossy. The Harrier is a scent hound who was developed in England to hunt hare in packs.

Temperament
Outgoing and friendly, as a working pack breed, Harriers must be able to work in close contact with other hounds. Therefore, aggressiveness towards other dogs cannot be tolerated.

Did You Know
The first pack of Harriers in England was the Penistone, which was established by Sir Elias de Midhope in 1260. Nine Harriers earned the Champion title (Ch.) in 1993, 14 in 1994, and 9 in 1995. Harriers have been known in the United States as long as any of the scent-hound breeds, and they have been used for hunting since the Colonial times. The Harrier was the 140th breed in registration statistics for 1995.

Basset Hound

General Appearance
The Basset Hound possesses in marked degree those characteristics which equip it admirably to follow a trail over and through difficult terrain. It is a short-legged dog, heavier in bone, size considered, than any other breed of dog, and while its movement is deliberate, it is in no sense clumsy. In temperament it is mild, never sharp or timid. It is capable of great endurance in the field and is extreme in its devotion.

Owning
The Basset Hound is a natural hunter and should never be allowed to roam without supervision. Basset Hounds traditionally hunted in packs, which required a comradely attitude towards other dogs. The Basset Hound is laid back, sociable, and affectionate. It is a great dog for children and adults of all ages. When there is nothing better to do, Bassets sleep, and are not destructive when left alone. They turn on to food, but not necessarily to exercise.

Did You Know
The foremost use of the Basset Hound in the United States is for the hunting of rabbits. In trailing ability, the accuracy of his nose makes him second only to the Bloodhound. In 1935, the Basset Hound Club of America was organized in the United States. The February 27, 1928 issue of Time magazine carried the picture of a Basset puppy on the cover. The accompanying cover story was a write-up of the 52nd annual dog show of the Westminster Kennel Club at Madison Square Garden as if it were attended and observed by the puppy.

American Foxhound

General Appearance
Skull--Should be fairly long, slightly domed at occiput, with cranium broad and full. Ears--Ears set on moderately low, long, reaching when drawn out nearly, if not quite, to the tip of the nose; fine in texture, fairly broad, with almost entire absence of erectile power--setting close to the head with the forward edge slightly inturning to the cheek--round at tip. Eyes-- Eyes large, set well apart, soft and houndlike--expression gentle and pleading; of a brown or hazel color. Muzzle--Muzzle of fair length--straight and square-cut--the stop moderately defined.

Owning
The American Foxhound is an ideal choice for those who live in rural areas or on large farms. The American Foxhound's short glossy coat is easy to keep clean. The American Foxhound needs exercise. Foxhounds usually enjoy the company of other dogs and can become bored if kept alone.

Did You Know
The American Foxhound's origins date back to the early 1700's in Virginia and Maryland. It was in November 1852 that a black and tan hound was stolen out of Tennessee and taken to Madison County, Kentucky. This hound was called ''Tennessee Lead'' and he became the foundation sire of all Walker, Trigg and Goodman foxhounds. These three strains make up the major portion of what is called American Foxhounds by AKC today.

Shiba Inu

Characteristics
The Shiba is the smallest of the Japanese native breeds of dog and was originally developed for hunting by sight and scent in the dense undergrowth of Japan's mountainous areas. Alert and agile with keen senses, he is also an excellent watchdog and companion. His frame is compact with well-developed muscles. Males and females are distinctly different in appearance: males are masculine without coarseness, females are feminine without weakness of structure.

Owning
The Shiba Inu may seem slightly aloof at first, but it is typically an inquisitive, good-natured, bright and active dog. The Shiba Inu's coat is somewhat soft, thick and plush to the touch. It has a double coat, with a strong, straight outercoat and a soft, dense undercoat.

Did You Know
Shiba Inus have lived with the Japanese people for centuries. Considered the smallest and oldest of Japan's dogs, the Shiba's ability to maneuver steep hills and mountain slopes, together with its keen senses, have repeatedly shown it to be a superb hunting dog. After reaching near extinction during World War II, only three Shiba bloodlines remained. They were the San In Shiba, Mino Shiba and the Shin Shu Shiba, the latter being the most popular. It is from these three lines that the breed evolved into the modern Shiba. In 1954 the first Shiba was documented as arriving in the U.S. The dog was brought from Japan by an American armed services family. Date entered into Regular Classes: June 1, 1993

Chow Chow

Characteristics
Characteristics--An ancient breed of northern Chinese origin, this all-purpose dog of China was used for hunting, herding, pulling and protection of the home. While primarily a companion today, his working origin must always be remembered when assessing true Chow type. A powerful, sturdy, squarely built, upstanding dog of Arctic type, medium in size with strong muscular development and heavy bone. The body is compact, short coupled, broad and deep, the tail set high and carried closely to the back, the whole supported by four straight, strong, sound legs. Viewed from the side, the hind legs have little apparent angulation and the hock joint and metatarsals are directly beneath the hip joint. It is this structure which produces the characteristic short, stilted gait unique to the breed. The large head with broad, flat skull and short, broad and deep muzzle is proudly carried and accentuated by a ruff. Elegance and substance must be combined into a well balanced whole, never so massive as to outweigh his ability to be active, alert and agile. Clothed in a smooth or an offstanding rough double coat, the Chow is a masterpiece of beauty, dignity and naturalness, unique in his blue-black tongue, scowling expression and stilted gait.

Owning
The Chow Chow's coat will require at least weekly grooming. The Chow Chow is a possessive dog who endears his family and their possessions to him. The Chow Chow is a wonderful companion for adults who will take the time to care for them properly.

Did You Know
The Chow Chow is one of the oldest recognizable types of dog. (Dating back more than 2000 years). The Chow Chow possesses the rare characteristic of having a blue-black tongue. The breed was recognized by the American Kennel Club in 1903. The Chow Chow was used for hunting, herding, pulling and protection of the home in China. Today, the Chow Chow is primarily a companion dog.

Collie

General Appearance
The Collie is a lithe, strong, responsive, active dog, carrying no useless timber, standing naturally straight and firm. The deep, moderately wide chest shows strength, the sloping shoulders and well-bent hocks indicate speed and grace, and the face shows high intelligence. The Collie presents an impressive, proud picture of true balance, each part being in harmonious proportion to every other part and to the whole. Timidity, frailness, sullenness, viciousness, lack of animation, cumbersome appearance and lack of over-all balance impair the general character.

Characteristics
Dogs are from 24 to 26 inches at the shoulder and weigh from 60 to 75 pounds. Bitches are from 22 to 24 inches at the shoulder, weighing from 50 to 65 pounds.

Owning
The Collie is an alert watchdog, quick to sound alarm and very protective of his family, although he is not an aggressive dog. Both rough and smooth coats require thorough weekly brushings to keep the coat clean and free of mats. Renowned for his loyalty and his reliability, the Collie makes a great companion and friend.

Did You Know
The Collie's parent club, The Collie Club of America, was organized in 1886, two years after the establishment of the American Kennel Club and was the second parent club to join the AKC. The Collie was first shown in the United States in May of 1877, at the second show of the Westminster Kennel Club in New York. The collie comes in two varieties, the longhaired Rough and the shorthaired Smooth

Basenji

General Appearance
The Basenji is a small, short haired hunting dog from Africa. It is short backed and lightly built, appearing high on the leg compared to its length. The wrinkled head is proudly carried on a well arched neck and the tail is set high and curled. Elegant and graceful, the whole demeanor is one of poise and inquiring alertness. The balanced structure and the smooth musculature enables it to move with ease and agility. The Basenji hunts by both sight and scent. Characteristics--The Basenji should not bark but is not mute. The wrinkled forehead, tightly curled tail and swift, effortless gait (resembling a racehorse trotting full out) are typical of the breed.

Owning
The Basenji hunts by both sight and scent. The Basenji is an alert, intelligent, and independent dog who is known to be aloof with strangers. To own a Basenji successfully requires commitment in time, effort, and understanding.

Temperament
An intelligent, independent, but affectionate and alert breed. Can be aloof with strangers.

Did You Know
The Basenji was developed in Africa for hunting. In 1943, the AKC accepted the Basenji for registration in the Stud Book, and approved the standard. The Basenji does not bark but does make yodelling noises. The Basenji is known as the ''barkless dog.''

Samoyed

General Appearance
The Samoyed, being essentially a working dog, should present a picture of beauty, alertness and strength, with agility, dignity and grace. As his work lies in cold climates, his coat should be heavy and weather-resistant, well groomed, and of good quality rather then quantity. The male carries more of a "ruff" than the female. He should not be long in the back as a weak back would make him practically useless for his legitimate work, but at the same time, a close-coupled body would also place him at a great disadvantage as a draft dog. Breeders should aim for the happy medium, a body not long but muscular, allowing liberty, with a deep chest and well-sprung ribs, strong neck, straight front and especially strong loins. Males should be masculine in appearance and deportment without unwarranted aggressiveness; females feminine without weakness of structure or apparent softness of temperament. Females may be slightly longer in back than males. They should both give the appearance of being capable of great endurance but be free from coarseness. Because of the depth of chest required, the legs should be moderately long. A very short-legged dog is to be deprecated. Hindquarters should be particularly well developed, stifles well bent and any suggestion of unsound stifles or cowhocks severely penalized. General appearance should include movement and general conformation, indicating balance and good substance.

Owning
When you own a Samoyed you have a friend for life. The affectionate Samoyed thrives on companionship. The alert Samoyed will easily adapt to any environment and is equally happy living in a house or an apartment given plenty of exercise. Samoyeds have a fluffy white coat which sheds a great deal.

Temperament
Intelligent, gentle, loyal, adaptable, alert, full of action, eager to serve, friendly but conservative, not distrustful or shy, not overly aggressive.

Did You Know
Of all modern breeds, the Samoyed is most nearly akin to the primitive dog - no admixture of wolf or fox runs in the Samoyed strain. Although its ancestry is vague, it's clear the Samoyed takes its name from the Samoyed people (now known as the Nenetsky people) of the Siberian tundra. Samoyeds were kept for ages by this nomadic tribe, who, by necessity, were strongly attached to their dogs. Pulling sleds, herding reindeer and alerting their masters to approaching danger were just a few of the Samoyed's functions that made the dogs crucial to the tribe's survival. In the United States, the Samoyed has had its brush with royalty. Mercy d'Argenteau, the Princess of Montyglyon, owned the first Samoyed entered in the AKC Stud Book in December 1906, Russian Ch. Moustan of Argenteau. The princess also owned one of the lead sled dogs from Roald Amundsen's successful expedition to the South Pole in 1911.

English Springer Spaniel

General Appearance
The English Springer Spaniel is a medium-sized sporting dog, with a compact body and a docked tail. His coat is moderately long, with feathering on his legs, ears, chest and brisket. His pendulous ears, soft gentle expression, sturdy build and friendly wagging tail proclaim him unmistakably a member of the ancient family of Spaniels. He is above all a well-proportioned dog, free from exaggeration, nicely balanced in every part. His carriage is proud and upstanding, body deep, legs strong and muscular, with enough length to carry him with ease. Taken as a whole, the English Springer Spaniel suggests power, endurance and agility. He looks the part of a dog that can go, and keep going, under difficult hunting conditions. At his best, he is endowed with style, symmetry, balance and enthusiasm, and is every inch a sporting dog of distinct spaniel character, combining beauty and utility.

Temperament
The typical Springer is friendly, eager to please, quick to learn and willing to obey.

Did You Know
In 1902 the Kennel Club of England recognized the English Springer Spaniel as a distinct breed. In the 1800 the American Spaniel Club was founded. In 1924 the English Springer Spaniel Field Trial Association was formed and the breed became more well known.

Miniature Pinscher

Characteristics
The Miniature Pinscher is structurally a well balanced, sturdy, compact, short-coupled, smooth-coated dog. He naturally is well groomed, proud, vigorous and alert. Characteristic traits are his hackney-like action, fearless animation, complete self-possession, and his spirited presence.

Owning
The Miniature Pinscher is proud, vigorous and playful, even in his old age. The Min Pin is an ideal size for a house dog. The Miniature Pinscher is very possessive of his loved ones, fearless when on guard, and makes an alert watch dog.

Did You Know
The Miniature Pinscher originated in Germany, but it has been bred in Scandinavian countries. The Miniature Pinscher is noted for its lively temperament and intelligence.

Cavalier King Charles Spaniel

Characteristics
The Cavalier King Charles Spaniel is an active, graceful, well-balanced toy spaniel, very gay and free in action; fearless and sporting in character, yet at the same time gentle and affectionate. It is this typical gay temperament, combined with true elegance and royal appearance which are of paramount importance in the breed. Natural appearance with no trimming, sculpting or artificial alteration is essential to breed type.

Owning
The Cavalier King Charles Spaniel is a happy dog that does well in either a city or country environment. The Cavalier King Charles Spaniel interacts well with children.

Did You Know
Date entered into Regular Classes: January 1, 1996 The true purpose of this breed has always been that of a companion dog. The Cavalier King Charles Spaniel is the number one toy dog in England. On January 1, 1996 it entered the ring as the 140th AKC-recognized breed. The first Cavaliers were sent to America in 1952 by Lady Forwood as a gift.

Siberian Husky

General Appearance
The Siberian Husky is a medium-sized working dog, quick and light on his feet and free and graceful in action. His moderately compact and well furred body, erect ears and brush tail suggest his Northern heritage. His characteristic gait is smooth and seemingly effortless. He performs his original function in harness most capably, carrying a light load at a moderate speed over great distances. His body proportions and form reflect this basic balance of power, speed and endurance. The males of the Siberian Husky breed are masculine but never coarse; the females are feminine but without weakness of structure. In proper condition, with muscle firm and well developed, the Siberian Husky does not carry excess weight.

Characteristics
The most important breed characteristics of the Siberian Husky are medium size, moderate bone, well balanced proportions, ease and freedom of movement, proper coat, pleasing head and ears, correct tail, and good disposition. Any appearance of excessive bone or weight, constricted or clumsy gait, or long, rough coat should be penalized. The Siberian Husky never appears so heavy or coarse as to suggest a freighting animal; nor is he so light and fragile as to suggest a sprint-racing animal. In both sexes the Siberian Husky gives the appearance of being capable of great endurance.

Owning
Siberian Huskies love to run and must be kept under control at all times. If you own a Siberian Husky it is of the utmost importance you have a fenced-in yard. Siberian Huskies shed non-stop, if you have an aversion to dog hair think about getting a different breed. Siberian Huskies value company from people or other dogs. This friendly and gentle dog makes a wonderful companion.

Temperament
The characteristic temperament of the Siberian Husky is friendly and gentle, but also alert and outgoing. He does not display the possessive qualities of the guard dog, nor is he overly suspicious of strangers or aggressive with other dogs. Some measure of reserve and dignity may be expected in the mature dog. His intelligence, tractability, and eager disposition make him an agreeable companion and willing worker.

Did You Know
Native to Siberia, the Siberian Husky was brought to Alaska in 1909. The Siberian Husky was originated by the Chukchi people of northeastern Asia as an endurance sled dog. When changing conditions forced these semi-nomadic natives to expand their hunting grounds, they responded by developing a unique breed of sled dog, which met their special requirements and upon which their very survival depended. AKC recognition of the Siberian Husky was granted in 1930 and the first AKC registered Siberian Husky was named Fairbanks Princess Chena. Shortly after 1900, Americans in Alaska began to hear accounts of this superior strain of sled dog in Siberia. The first team of Siberian Huskies made its appearance in the All Alaska Sweepstakes Race of 1909. The same year a large number of them were imported to Alaska by Charles Fox Maule Ramsay, and his team, driven by John "Iron Man" Johnson, won the grueling 400-mile race in 1910. For the next decade Siberian Huskies, particularly those bred and raced by Leonhard Seppala, captured most of the racing titles in Alaska, where the rugged terrain was ideally suited to the endurance capabilities of the breed.

Pembroke Welsh Corgi

General Appearance
Low-set, strong, sturdily built and active, giving an impression of substance and stamina in a small space. Should not be so low and heavy-boned as to appear coarse or overdone, nor so light-boned as to appear racy. Outlook bold, but kindly. Expression intelligent and interested. Never shy nor vicious. Correct type, including general balance and outline, attractiveness of headpiece, intelligent outlook and correct temperament is of primary importance. Movement is especially important, particularly as viewed from the side. A dog with smooth and free gait has to be reasonably sound and must be highly regarded.

Owning
The Pembroke Welsh Corgi sheds a lot. Your pet Pembroke should be brushed thoroughly at least twice a week. The Pembroke Welsh Corgi is an active dog who is willing and able to carry out his owner's commands in the pasture, the obedience ring, or the family home. The typical Pembroke is happy, obedient, friendly, and confident and great fun to live with.

Temperament
Outlook bold, but kindly. Never shy or vicious.

Did You Know
The Pembroke was brought to Wales in A.D. 1107 by Flemish weavers. The name ''corgi'' comes from the Welsh language and means ''dwarf dog.'' The Pembroke Welsh Corgi is the smallest dog in the herding group.

Doberman Pinscher

General Appearance
The appearance is that of a dog of medium size, with a body that is square. Compactly built, muscular and powerful, for great endurance and speed. Elegant in appearance, of proud carriage, reflecting great nobility and temperament. Energetic, watchful, determined, alert, fearless, loyal and obedient.

Characteristics
The appearance is that of a dog of medium size, with a body that is square. Compactly built, muscular and powerful, for great endurance and speed. Elegant in appearance, of proud carriage, reflecting great nobility and temperament. Energetic, watchful, determined, alert, fearless, loyal and obedient.

Owning
Dobermans are easy to teach and quick to learn. If you do not have time to properly train your Doberman you should consider a different breed. Dobermans should never be allowed to roam loose. The Doberman Pinscher is an energetic, elegant, fearless, loyal, and obedient dog who will make a devoted companion.

Temperament
Energetic, watchful, determined, alert, fearless, loyal and obedient.

Did You Know
The Doberman Pinscher was developed in Germany by Louis Dobermann in the 1890's. The Doberman Pinscher Club of America was founded in February 1921. "Always Faithful," a life-size Doberman in bronze, is located in Guam at the war dog cemetery at the U.S. naval base in Orote Point as a permanent monument.

Shetland Sheepdog

General Appearance
The Shetland Sheepdog, like the Collie, traces to the Border Collie of Scotland, which, transported to the Shetland Islands and crossed with small, intelligent, longhaired breeds, was reduced to miniature proportions. Subsequently crosses were made from time to time with Collies. This breed now bears the same relationship in size and general appearance to the Rough Collie as the Shetland Pony does to some of the larger breeds of horses. Although the resemblance between the Shetland Sheepdog and the Rough Collie is marked, there are differences which may be noted. The Shetland Sheepdog is a small, alert, rough-coated, longhaired working dog. He must be sound, agile and sturdy. The outline should be so symmetrical that no part appears out of proportion to the whole. Dogs should appear masculine; bitches feminine.

Owning
The Sheltie is a ''watch'' dog, not a guard dog; nor is it visually frightening. It will bark at intruders, but after giving warning, may either retreat or escort them through your house. One of the lovely attributes of the sheltie is the long harsh coat. Brushing the coat for half an hour each week can keep the Sheltie looking his best. The Sheltie will shed at least once a year, the shedding process can be sped up by a warm bath and more complete and more frequent brushing. Because of its small size, the Sheltie is very adaptable to city living, as long as he is given proper exercise. Shelties are good with children and make delightful family companions.

Did You Know
The first Shetland Sheepdog registered by the American Kennel Club (1911) was Lord Scott, a sable imported from Shetland, Scotland by John G. Sherman, Jr. of New York. The American Shetland Sheepdog Association, parent club of the breed, was organized at the Westminster Kennel Club show in 1929, and held its first specialty in 1933. The Shetland Sheepdog, alias Sheltie, originated in the Shetland Islands as a small herding dog.

Pug

Characteristics
Symmetry and general appearance are decidedly square and cobby. A lean, leggy Pug and a dog with short legs and a long body are equally objectionable

Owning
The Pug has been referred to as ''Multo in Parvo'' meaning ''a lot of dog in a small space''. The Pug is an even-tempered breed who is playful, outgoing, dignified, and possess great charm.

Did You Know
The Pug, one of the oldest breeds, has flourished true to his breed down through the ages from before 400 BC. The Pug was accepted for registration with the AKC in 1885.

Boston Terrier

Characteristics
The Boston Terrier is a lively, highly intelligent, smooth coated, short-headed, compactly built, short-tailed, well balanced dog, brindle, seal or black in color and evenly marked with white. The head is in proportion to the size of the dog and the expression indicates a high degree of intelligence. The body is rather short and well knit, the limbs strong and neatly turned, the tail is short and no feature is so prominent that the dog appears badly proportioned. The dog conveys an impression of determination, strength and activity, with style of a high order; carriage easy and graceful. A proportionate combination of ''Color and White Markings'' is a particularly distinctive feature of a representative specimen.

Owning
His coat is easy to care for when it comes to grooming, a few strokes with a soft brush will keep his short, smooth coat gleaming. He is loving and sensitive, merry and bright, at times a clown and has a deep love for his family and children. Usually he will get along well with other family pets if introduced to them at a young age.

Did You Know
The Boston Terrier is one of America's native breeds having been developed in Boston, MA. The breed was recognized by the American Kennel Club in 1893. The Boston Terrier is also sometimes called ''the American gentleman among dogs.''

Pomeranian

Characteristics
The Pomeranian is a compact, short-backed, active toy dog. He has a soft, dense undercoat with a profuse harsh-textured outer coat. His heavily plumed tail is set high and lies flat on his back. He is alert in character, exhibits intelligence in expression, is buoyant in deportment, and is inquisitive by nature. The Pomeranian is cocky, commanding, and animated as he gaits. He is sound in composition and action.

Owning
The Pomeranian is a magnficent family pet, he is hearty and strong despite his fragile appearance. The Pomeranian's coat gives the appearance of being difficult to care for, but it is actually quite easy, a regular brushing will keep the coat in good condition.

Did You Know
The Pomeranian descended from the sled dogs of Iceland and Lapland. In 1911, the American Pomeranian Club held its first specialty show.

Chihuahua

Characteristics
A graceful, alert, swift-moving little dog with saucy expression, compact, and with terrier-like qualities of temperament.

Owning
The Chihuahua's size makes it a wonderful dog for people who live in small city apartments. The breed is very hardy and adaptable, but it must live inside a home or an apartment, the Chihuahua should not live outside. Chihuahuas are good travelers and can easily go anywhere with their owners.

Did You Know
The Chihuahua comes in two varieties: long and smooth coat. The Chihuahua is graceful, alert, and swift. This breed is clannish, recognizing and preferring his own kind. As a rule, he does not like dogs of other breeds. Legend and history are rich in tales of the ancestors of the present Chihuahua. He is described as a popular pet, as well as a religious necessity, among the ancient Toltec tribes and later among the Aztecs. Archaeologists have discovered remains of this breed in human graves in Mexico and in parts of the United States. The modern Chihuahua is quite different from his early ancestors, with his variegated colors ranging from snow white to jet black. Mexico favors the jet black with tan markings, and the black and white spotted. The United States prefers the solid colors.

Bulldog

Characteristics
The perfect Bulldog must be of medium size and smooth coat; with heavy, thick-set, low-swung body, massive short-faced head, wide shoulders and sturdy limbs. The general appearance and attitude should suggest great stability, vigor and strength. The disposition should be equable and kind, resolute and courageous (not vicious or aggressive), and demeanor should be pacific and dignified. These attributes should be countenanced by the expression and behavior.

Owning
The Bulldog is revered for his loving disposition and ability to get along with other dogs. He loves the companionship. The Bulldog's coat should be brushed weekly, although his facial wrinkles will need daily cleaning.

Did You Know
It is believed that the Bulldog originated in the British Isles. The name bull was applied to the breed because of the dog's use in connection with bullbaiting.

Dachshund

General Appearance
Smooth DachshundCoat--Short, smooth and shining. Should be neither too long nor too thick. Ears not leathery. Tail--Gradually tapered to a point, well but not too richly haired. Long sleek bristles on the underside are considered a patch of strong-growing hair, not a fault. Color of Hair--Although base color is immaterial, certain patterns and basic colors predominate. One-colored Dachshunds include red (with or without a shading of interspersed dark hairs or sable) and cream. A small amount of white on the chest is acceptable, but not desirable. Nose and nails--black. Two-colored Dachshunds include black, chocolate, wild boar, gray (blue) and fawn (Isabella), each with tan markings over the eyes, on the sides of the jaw and underlip, on the inner edge of the ear, front, breast, inside and behind the front legs, on the paws and around the anus, and from there to about one-third to one-half of the length of the tail on the underside. Undue prominence or extreme lightness of tan markings is undesirable. A small amount of white on the chest is acceptable but not desirable. Nose and nails--in the case of black dogs, black; for chocolate and all other colors, dark brown, but self-colored is acceptable. Dappled Dachshunds--The ''single'' dapple pattern is expressed as lighter-colored areas contrasting with the darker base color, which may be any acceptable color. Neither the light nor the dark color should predominate. Nose and nails are the same as for one and two-colored Dachshunds. Partial or wholly blue (wall) eyes are as acceptable as dark eyes. A large area of white on the chest of a dapple is permissible. A ''double'' dapple is one in which varying amounts of white coloring occur over the body in addition to the dapple pattern. Nose and nails: as for one and two-color Dachshunds; partial or wholly self-colored is permissible. Brindle is a pattern (as opposed to a color) in which black or dark stripes occur over the entire body although in some specimens the pattern may be visible only in the tan points.Wirehaired Dachshund Coat-- With the exception of jaw, eyebrows, and ears, the whole body is covered with a uniform tight, short, thick, rough, hard, outer coat but with finer, somewhat softer, shorter hairs (undercoat) everywhere distributed between the coarser hairs. The distinctive facial furnishings include a beard and eyebrows. On the ears the hair is shorter than on the body, almost smooth. The general arrangement of the hair is such that the wirehaired Dachshund, when viewed from a distance, resembles the smooth. Any sort of soft hair in the outercoat, wherever found on the body, especially on the top of the head, is a fault. The same is true of long, curly, or wavy hair, or hair that sticks out irregularly in all directions. Tail-- Robust, thickly haired, gradually tapering to a point. Color of Hair--While the most common colors are wild boar, black and tan, and various shades of red, all colors are admissible. A small amount of white on the chest, although acceptable, is not desirable. Nose and nails--same as for the smooth variety.Longhaired Dachshund Coat--The sleek, glistening, often slightly wavy hair is longer under the neck and on the forechest, the underside of the body, the ears, and behind the legs. The coat gives the dog an elegant appearance. Short hair on the ear is not desirable. Too profuse a coat which masks type, equally long hair over the whole body, a curly coat, or a pronounced parting on the back are faults. Tail--Carried gracefully in prolongation of the spine; the hair attains its greatest length here and forms a veritable flag. Color of Hair--Same as for the smooth Dachshund. Nose and nails--same as for the smooth. The foregoing description is that of the ideal Dachshund. Any deviation from the above described dog must be penalized to the extent of the deviation keeping in mind the importance of the contribution of the various features toward the basic original purpose of the breed.

Owning
Dachshunds require minimal routine brushing to keep their coats healthy and in good condition. The longhaired and wirehaired Dachshunds may require extra grooming or help from a professional. The Dachshund is naturally free from ''doggy'' odor. The Dachshund makes a good companion whether you live in a small city apartment or the country. Dachshunds are loyal.

Temperament
The Dachshund is clever, lively and courageous to the point of rashness, persevering in above and below ground work, with all the senses well-developed. Any display of shyness is a serious fault.

Did You Know
The Dachshund was developed in Germany more than 300 years ago to hunt badgers. From 1930 to 1940, Dachshunds advanced from 28th to sixth rank among American registrations, and maintained this average rank through World War II by constructive public relations.

Boxer

General Appearance
The ideal Boxer is a medium-sized, square built dog of good substance with short back, strong limbs, and short, tight-fitting coat. His well developed muscles are clean, hard and appear smooth under taut skin. His movements denote energy. The gait is firm, yet elastic, the stride free and ground-covering, the carriage proud. Developed to serve as guard, working and companion dog, he combines strength and agility with elegance and style. His expression is alert and temperament steadfast and tractable. The chiseled head imparts to the Boxer a unique individual stamp. It must be in correct proportion to the body. The broad, blunt muzzle is the distinctive feature, and great value is placed upon its being of proper form and balance with the skull.

Characteristics
Height--Adult males 22? to 25 inches; females 21 to 23? inches at the withers, preferably, males should not be under the minimum nor females over the maximum: however, proper balance and quality in the individual should be of primary importance since there is no size disqualification. Proportion--The body in profile is of square proportion in that a horizontal line from the front of the forechest to the rear projection of the upper thigh should equal the length of a vertical line dropped from the top of the withers to the ground. Substance--Sturdy with balanced musculature. Males larger boned than their female counterparts.

Owning
The Boxer is an alert, self-assured, and fearless dog. The Boxer is a playful and fun-loving dog who is often called the ''Peter Pan'' of the dog world as they seem to maintain that youthful exuberance. The Boxer's coat is short and only requires a quick weekly brushing.

Temperament
These are of paramount importance in the Boxer. Instinctively a ''hearing'' guard dog, his bearing is alert, dignified and self-assured. With family and friends, his temperament is fundamentally playful, yet patient and stoical with children. Deliberate and wary with strangers, he will exhibit curiosity but, most importantly, fearless courage if threatened. However, he responds promptly to friendly overtures honestly rendered. His intelligence, loyal affection and tractability to discipline make him a highlydesirable companion. Faults--Lack of dignity and alertness. Shyness.
Did You Know
The Boxer is a working dog developed in Germany from several other breeds, including the Bulldog and Great Dane. It is called a Boxer because it strikes out with its front paws when it fights. The first AKC registration of a Boxer was in 1904, and the first championship was finished in 1915. 11 Boxers were registered with the AKC in 1930, 1,024 in 1940, 21,238 in 1950, 14,228 in 1960, 11,483 in 1970, 14,901 in 1980, and 23,659 in 1990.

Beagle

General Appearance
A miniature Foxhound, solid and big for his inches, with the wear-and-tear look of the hound that can last in the chase and follow his quarry to the death.

Characteristics
The skull should be fairly long, slightly domed at occiput, with cranium broad and full. Ears--Ears set on moderately low, long, reaching when drawn out nearly, if not quite, to the end of the nose; fine in texture, fairly broad-with almost entire absence of erectile power-setting close to the head, with the forward edge slightly inturning to the cheek--rounded at tip. Eyes--Eyes large, set well apart-soft and houndlike--expression gentle and pleading; of a brown or hazel color. Muzzle--Muzzle of medium length-straight and square--cut--the stop moderately defined. Jaws--Level. Lips free from flews; nostrils large and open. Defects--A very flat skull, narrow across the top; excess of dome, eyes small, sharp and terrierlike, or prominent and protruding; muzzle long, snipy or cut away decidedly below the eyes, or very short. Roman-nosed, or upturned, giving a dish-face expression. Ears short, set on high or with a tendency to rise above the point of origin.

Owning
The Beagle's coat is short and requires minimal grooming. A regular brushing and bath will help control the shedding process. No Beagle should be allowed to roam free, as its nose will surely get it into trouble. Future Beagle owners should be aware that Beagles are known to bark as part of their hunting heritage.

Temperament
The hounds must all work gaily and cheerfully, with flags up--obeying all commands cheerfully. They should be broken to heel up, kennel up, follow promptly and stand. Cringing, sulking, lying down to be avoided.
Did You Know
In 1888 the National Beagle Club was formed and held the first field trial. The height limit of a Beagle in the United States is 15 inches and in England 16 inches. Beagles do not drool or have a doggy odor, and shedding is minimal.

German Shepherd Dog

General Appearance
A German Shepherd Dog is a trotting dog, and its structure has been developed to meet the requirements of its work. General Impression-- The gait is outreaching, elastic, seemingly without effort, smooth and rhythmic, covering the maximum amount of ground with the minimum number of steps. At a walk it covers a great deal of ground, with long stride of both hind legs and forelegs. At a trot the dog covers still more ground with even longer stride, and moves powerfully but easily, with coordination and balance so that the gait appears to be the steady motion of a well-lubricated machine. The feet travel close to the ground on both forward reach and backward push. In order to achieve ideal movement of this kind, there must be good muscular development and ligamentation. The hindquarters deliver, through the back, a powerful forward thrust which slightly lifts the whole animal and drives the body forward. Reaching far under, and passing the imprint left by the front foot, the hind foot takes hold of the ground; then hock, stifle and upper thigh come into play and sweep back, the stroke of the hind leg finishing with the foot still close to the ground in a smooth follow-through. The overreach of the hindquarter usually necessitates one hind foot passing outside and the other hind foot passing inside the track of the forefeet, and such action is not faulty unless the locomotion is crabwise with the dog's body sideways out of the normal straight line.

Owning
The German Shepherd Dog is known throughout the world for his uncanny intelligence and faithfulness. This versatile breed has well-earned the reputation as family companion, guide dog, police dog, and, of course, herder. The German Shepherd Dog is an excellent house-dog, but if you live in an apartment or a small house you will need to give your dog daily exercise. They are excellent travelers and love to ride in the car for long trips. They are truly a companion and can be taken everywhere - fishing, swimming, boating, hiking, etc.

Did You Know
On April 22, 1899, the German Captain Max von Stephanitz founded the Verein fur Deutsche Schaferhunde (SV), the first parent club of the breed now known as the German Shepherd Dog. The first German Shepherd Dog registered with the American Kennel Club was Queen of Switzerland (in 1908), who was shown in competition in New York that same year. The German Shepherd Dog Club of America's first specialty took place in Greenwich, Connecticut, on June 11, 1913.

Labrador Retriever

General Appearance
The Labrador Retriever is a strongly built, medium-sized, short-coupled, dog possessing a sound, athletic, well-balanced conformation that enables it to function as a retrieving gun dog; the substance and soundness to hunt waterfowl or upland game for long hours under difficult conditions; the character and quality to win in the show ring; and the temperament to be a family companion. Physical features and mental characteristics should denote a dog bred to perform as an efficient Retriever of game with a stable temperament suitable for a variety of pursuits beyond the hunting environment. The most distinguishing characteristics of the Labrador Retriever are its short, dense, weather resistant coat; an ''otter'' tail; a clean-cut head with broad back skull and moderate stop; powerful jaws; and its ''kind,'' friendly eyes, expressing character, intelligence and good temperament. The typical Labrador possesses style and quality without over refinement, and substance without lumber or cloddiness. The Labrador is bred primarily as a working gun dog; structure and soundness are of great importance.

Owning
The Labrador Retriever is gentle with children and the elderly. If it is intended as a pet, keep in mind that Labrador puppies are full of energy. The Labrador Retriever has a stable temperament and adapts to new surroundings easily. The Labrador Retriever is not an aggresive dog, but it will bark to ward off strangers.

Temperament
True Labrador Retriever temperament is as much a hallmark of the breed as the ''otter'' tail. The ideal disposition is one of a kindly, outgoing, tractable nature; eager to please and non-aggressive towards man or animal. The Labrador has much that appeals to people; his gentle ways, intelligence and adaptability make him an ideal dog.

Did You Know
The Labrador Retriever did not come from Labrador, but from Newfoundland. The Labrador Retriever is one of the prime breeds selected as guide and rescue dogs.

Golden Retriever

General Appearance
A symmetrical, powerful, active dog, sound and well put together, not clumsy nor long in the leg, displaying a kindly expression and possessing a personality that is eager, alert and self-confident.

Owning
Renowned for its reliable temperament, the Golden Retriever makes a great hunter, family pet or show dog. Although they can adapt to living in a small apartment they need to be given plenty of exercise daily. The Golden Retriever's dense water repellent coat ranges in color from light to dark shades of gold.

Temperament
Friendly, reliable, and trustworthy. Quarrelsomeness or hostility towards other dogs or people in normal situations, or an unwarranted show of timidity or nervousness, is not in keeping with Golden Retriever character.

Did You Know
The first registration of a Golden Retriever by the American Kennel Club was in November 1925. The most complete records of the development of the Golden Retriever are included in the record books that were kept from 1835 until about 1890 by the gamekeepers at the Guisachan (pronounced Gooeesicun) estate of Lord Tweedmouth at Inverness-Shire, Scotland. These records were released to public notice in Country Life in 1952, when Lord Tweedmouth's great-nephew, the sixth Earl of Ilchester, historian and sportsman, published material that had been left by his ancestor. They provided factual confirmation to the stories that had been handed down through generations. Golden Retrievers are used successfully in field trials, hunting, obedience, and as guide dogs for the blind. The first three dogs of any breed to achieve the AKC Obedience Champion title, first available in July 1977, were all Golden Retrievers. Golden Retrievers were first shown in England at the Crystal Palace show in 1908, and were listed as Flat Coats (Golden).